Inflammation, AutoImmunity, & AutoInflammation
The immune system is a complex and remarkable defense mechanism that safeguards our bodies against various invaders such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. When functioning optimally, it allows our body to continue its normal processes without being overwhelmed by potential threats that could potentially cause harm or even death.
However, in today's world, our immune system is constantly challenged by numerous stressors. We are exposed to toxins on a daily basis, and many individuals experience a leaky and inflamed gut due to the Standard American Diet. These factors can have profound effects on our immune system. Let's explore the impacts of these stressors on our immune system in more detail.
Inflammation:Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system. It involves the release of cells, fluids, and chemicals to combat perceived invaders. To visualize inflammation, imagine getting a cut on your foot. The area becomes swollen, red, and warm as immune cells, substances, and fluids engage to fight off bacteria and seal the wound, eventually removing dead tissue. This swelling and redness, often accompanied by pus, indicate the body's inflammatory response.
Now, picture the inside of your gut. Poorly digestible foods, irritants, and breaches in the tight junctions between cells can lead to a leaky gut. It's important to note that more than 70% of the body's immune system is located in and around the gut. Components of the immune system within the gut cells and surrounding tissues react to perceived invaders such as foods, toxins, and non-food additives. Consequently, the same type of inflammation observed around a cut can occur within our bodies.
Inflammation is not confined to a specific area but can travel throughout the body. Its effects can manifest as fatigue, bloating, muscle and joint stiffness, generalized pain or stiffness, water retention, upper respiratory symptoms, skin issues, or a general feeling of being unwell. Inflammatory processes can exacerbate pain in joints affected by arthritis or previous injuries. Additionally, since a leaky gut often coincides with a leaky blood-brain barrier, inflammation can impact the brain, leading to headaches, mood changes, and cognitive fog.
Moreover, it's worth noting that inflammation plays a significant role in the development of arterial clogging, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Addressing inflammation is paramount, and one of the primary goals of this course is to restore and heal the gut, thereby reducing chronic inflammation triggers and their cascading effects on the body.
Autoimmunity and Autoinflammation: Autoimmunity occurs when the body's immune system produces antibodies that target its own tissues or cells. Functional Medicine experts emphasize that three main factors contribute to autoimmunity: a leaky gut (resulting in inflammation and antigen leakage), a genetic predisposition, and a triggering event. These triggers can include emotional stress, infections, physical trauma, or childbirth.
Molecular mimicry is one of the common mechanisms behind autoimmune disorders. The adaptive immune system generates antibodies to combat perceived threats. However, these antibodies may not be a perfect fit, much like trying to see clearly through slightly foggy glasses. They recognize similar structures and may mistakenly attack the wrong target.
For example, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a common cause of low thyroid function, often involves molecular mimicry. Gluten and casein molecules, found in wheat and dairy, respectively, bear a resemblance to thyroid tissue. When the gut is leaky, these molecules circulate in the bloodstream, leading to the production of antibodies against them. Unfortunately, these antibodies can also mistakenly target the thyroid tissue, resulting in its destruction. Consequently, individuals with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis are advised to remove gluten and dairy from their diets.
Addressing Autoimmunity and Autoinflammatory Disorders
Our understanding of autoimmune disorders is constantly evolving, and emerging research suggests that certain bacterial infections may contribute to the development of autoimmunity. Additionally, we know that leaky gut and inflammation play significant roles in these conditions. If you have been diagnosed with an autoimmune disorder, it is crucial to adopt an anti-inflammatory diet similar to the one provided during the course. Consulting a Functional Medicine specialist can also provide further guidance in identifying and addressing the root causes of your autoimmune disorder. By addressing these underlying triggers, it is possible to slow down, halt, or even reverse the progression of autoimmune disorders.
Conventional medical approaches primarily rely on immune-suppressing medications to manage autoimmune disorders. While these medications can help reduce inflammation and antibody-antigen reactions, they do not eliminate the disease itself. Furthermore, immune-suppressive drugs have been associated with increased risks of serious infections and cancers. The only way to truly stop an autoimmune disorder is by eliminating the triggers and addressing the root causes, thereby enabling the body to heal itself.
Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN), a compounded low dose of the medication naltrexone, has shown promise in helping the body regulate the immune system. LDN has a high affinity for the body's opioid receptors and can assist in self-regulating immune responses. It has a low side effect and risk profile. If you have an autoimmune disorder, it is advisable to discuss the possibility of trying LDN with your Functional Medicine practitioner. Trusted websites such as www.LDN.org and www.lowdosenaltrexone.org can provide additional information on LDN.
Autoinflammatory Disorders:Autoinflammatory disorders occur when the immune system becomes hyperresponsive or hyperreactive. Think of the immune system as an army, prepared and on standby. Suddenly, a loud noise causes confusion, and snipers on the rooftops react by firing their guns.
Autoinflammatory disorders, such as Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) and Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS), are gaining recognition in the medical field. MCAS involves hyperreactivity of immune mast cells, which are predominantly found in the gut, respiratory system, and skin tissues. These cells release various substances that trigger allergy and sensitivity-type reactions. MCAS is observed in individuals who have experienced multiple immune system triggers, including infections, toxins, mycotoxins (mold), and other biotoxins. Symptoms of MCAS may include sudden onset allergic-type symptoms like wheezing, hives, anaphylaxis, and gastrointestinal issues.
CIRS, coined by Dr. Ritchie Shoemaker, refers to a syndrome characterized by chronic inflammatory response. Initially identified in patients exposed to maritime biotoxins, such as mold, CIRS is now recognized to involve various biotoxins and a combination of genetic susceptibility and recent viral or bacterial infections. Symptoms of CIRS can vary widely and may include fatigue, brain fog, mood changes, pain, neurologic symptoms, muscle aches, and more.
The study of these syndromes is still in its early stages, but there has been a significant increase in the number of reported cases over the past few decades. If you experience symptoms resembling those described above, it is essential to consult with a Functional Medicine practitioner or a Naturopath experienced in evaluating and treating chronic immune syndromes.
Remember, this information is intended to provide an overview of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. It is crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan based on your specific needs.